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Monday, 12 September 2016
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EQ Or Not To EQ
Equalizing or tone shaping is clearly a very important tool in our
audio arsenal. By the way, wouldn’t Audio Arsenal be a good name for a
band? Of nerds?
Anyway… I believe that there are two reasons for using EQ. The first, and perhaps most important in the overall scheme, is to properly tune the system for the type of response that is wanted or needed.
Some frequencies that might excite the room too much can be reduced, and tailor the low-frequency response to match the volume of the room, etc.
Of course, don’t forget that there are acoustical problems that cannot be solved with electronics. I know, call me a heretic.
But the other kind of EQ I’m thinking of more is the “color” applied to individual channels. A lot of this is already determined by microphones and where they’re placed. Certainly a snare sounds different when mic’ed with a dynamic vs. a condenser. And really, it does start at the microphone.
But let’s say you’ve chosen the best mic for the source, and put it in the right place, and now you need to do a bit of final tweaking on the channel EQ for the sound to be “perfect.”
I forget who said it, but “people don’t go to the concert to hear the kick drum.” Whoever it was has never been to a Metallica concert. I was at one back in the mid-1990s (the “Black Album” tour). All three of the opening bands had already played, and we were in the middle of the break before the headliner came out. Anticipation was growing… And growing.
And then at one point, the drum tech came out, sat down, and stomped on the kick pedal, sending a thunderous sound through the audience. And everyone went wild! Who would have thought that a single-note kick drum solo would have brought the crowd to its feet!
But I digress.
My point is that each instrument may sound great on its own, but may not sit properly in the mix.
Anyway… I believe that there are two reasons for using EQ. The first, and perhaps most important in the overall scheme, is to properly tune the system for the type of response that is wanted or needed.
Some frequencies that might excite the room too much can be reduced, and tailor the low-frequency response to match the volume of the room, etc.
Of course, don’t forget that there are acoustical problems that cannot be solved with electronics. I know, call me a heretic.
But the other kind of EQ I’m thinking of more is the “color” applied to individual channels. A lot of this is already determined by microphones and where they’re placed. Certainly a snare sounds different when mic’ed with a dynamic vs. a condenser. And really, it does start at the microphone.
But let’s say you’ve chosen the best mic for the source, and put it in the right place, and now you need to do a bit of final tweaking on the channel EQ for the sound to be “perfect.”
I forget who said it, but “people don’t go to the concert to hear the kick drum.” Whoever it was has never been to a Metallica concert. I was at one back in the mid-1990s (the “Black Album” tour). All three of the opening bands had already played, and we were in the middle of the break before the headliner came out. Anticipation was growing… And growing.
And then at one point, the drum tech came out, sat down, and stomped on the kick pedal, sending a thunderous sound through the audience. And everyone went wild! Who would have thought that a single-note kick drum solo would have brought the crowd to its feet!
But I digress.
My point is that each instrument may sound great on its own, but may not sit properly in the mix.
Complete Loudspeaker Management System does all that the PA+ can do plus it features:
- An Ethernet connection so you can connect your wireless router and use your portable device (Android, IOS, Mac, and Windows) to control the PA2 from anywhere in the room. The larger graphics and touchscreen control of your portable device make it easier to operate, too.
- An input delay so you can align the front PA speakers with the amps and instrument speakers from the back of the stage, for total band clarity.
- The Auto-EQ uses an 8-band parametric equalizer and plays short frequency sweeps for its setup, which is a lot less annoying than using pink noise, like the other DriveRack models do.
- There's a dual 31-band graphic equalizer on the input section that includes Quick Curve options so you can instantly dial in an EQ curve that'll work for you.
- The PA2 has 75 factory presets and 75 user presets.
Advanced Feedback Suppression (AFS) wizard
The feedback suppression wizard further tweaks the equalization to
prevent the howling noise that happens when sound from the speakers is
picked up a microphone and then re-amplified.
The wizard walks you through several steps:
The wizard walks you through several steps:
- After all your microphones have been set up and activated on stage, you start by turning the mixer's master volume down.
- Then the AFS Wizard will ask you how many of the 12 available notch filters you want to be fixed and how many you want to be live. The fixed filters stay put after being set, the live filters will change and move to a new frequency if needed, which comes in handy if mics get moved during a show.
- Next you choose how narrow you want the notch filters to be. You can choose a wide 1/5 of an octave band, for a speech-only application, or narrow it all the way down to an incredible 1/80 of an octave for precise feedback control that won't adversely affect the music.
- Then you turn your mixer's master volume beyond normal to try and induce feedback. The AFS will instantly set the filters to prevent any ringing or howling, and you're set to return to normal levels and go for the show.
Auto-EQ wizard
To use the auto-EQ wizard you first choose a target response curve from a
list of thirteen suggested equalization curves. Then, using the
built-in RTA, noise generator, and the reference microphone, the Auto-EQ
sets the DriveRack's equalizers to match that curve as closely as
possible. It only takes a few seconds, but since it's done at
performance volume, you'll probably want to do it while wearing ear
plugs, and when nobody else is in the room.
Wide range
The RTA-M features flat response from 20 to 20,000 Hz, allowing you to
get reliable measurements and make your "pinking" more precise. The
RTA-M runs on the phantom power provided by your DriveRack, and comes
with a case and microphone clip
Perfect pickup
dbx designed the RTA-M reference microphone to measure room acoustics in
conjunction with their DriveRack Series processors. When used with the
System Setup and Auto EQ Wizards, its flat frequency response and
omnidirectional pickup pattern make it ideal for optimizing system
response, even in the most difficult environments
Setup wizard
All DriveRack systems include:
- Advanced Feedback Suppression, which senses whenever a particular frequency starts to “ring out” and then reduces the volume at that frequency to stop the noise
- Auto-EQ that automatically adjusts your system's frequency response to attain the best-sound possible
- Setup wizard, which balances the levels of the system's amps and speakers and sets a peak limiter to protect the speakers from being overdriven
- LCD arrays that indicate input and output levels, and a large selector knob to scroll through menus and enter data.
What's a speaker management system?
A speaker or PA management system is a multi-function signal
processor, connected between the mixer and the amplifiers of a PA. Once
it has been properly set, it automatically keeps the final mix sounding
good and the speakers safe from damage.
Features include limiting and equalization to match the equipment and music to a venue's space. A PA management device may also provide crossover and signal-routing functions for a large multi-speaker system.
Features include limiting and equalization to match the equipment and music to a venue's space. A PA management device may also provide crossover and signal-routing functions for a large multi-speaker system.
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